Sahih Bukhari 1891

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سُهَيْلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَائِرَ الرَّأْسِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَخْبِرْنِي مَاذَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ ؟ فَقَالَ : الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ : أَخْبِرْنِي مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ ؟ فَقَالَ : شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ : أَخْبِرْنِي بِمَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ ؟ فَقَالَ : فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَرَائِعَ الْإِسْلَامِ ، قَالَ : وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ لَا أَتَطَوَّعُ شَيْئًا وَلَا أَنْقُصُ مِمَّا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ ، أَوْ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِنْ صَدَقَ .

Narrated Talha bin 'Ubaidullah: A bedouin with unkempt hair came to Allah's Apostle and said, O Allah's Apostle! Inform me what Allah has made compulsory for me as regards the prayers. He replied: You have to offer perfectly the five compulsory prayers in a day and night (24 hours), unless you want to pray Nawafil. The bedouin further asked, Inform me what Allah has made compulsory for me as regards fasting. He replied, You have to fast during the whole month of Ramadan, unless you want to fast more as Nawafil. The bedouin further asked, Tell me how much Zakat Allah has enjoined on me. Thus, Allah's Apostle informed him about all the rules (i.e. fundamentals) of Islam. The bedouin then said, By Him Who has honored you, I will neither perform any Nawafil nor will I decrease what Allah has enjoined on me. Allah's Apostle said, If he is saying the truth, he will succeed (or he will be granted Paradise).